Automating Junos Administration. Doing More with Less (ebook)(audiobook)(audiobook)

Spis treści

• Foreword
• Preface
  • Assumptions
  • How to Read This Book
  • Whats in This Book?
  • Conventions Used in This Book
  • Using Code Examples
  • Safari Books Online
  • How to Contact Us
  • Acknowledgments
    • From Jonathan Looney
    • From Stacy Smith
• 1. Introduction
  • Benefits of Automation
    • Automation Saves Time
    • Automation Prevents Human Error
    • Automation Saves Memory
    • Automation Prevents Copy/Paste Errors
    • Automation Enables New Services
  • Management System Internals
    • Accessing the Management System
    • Operational Command Flow
    • Configuration Data Flow
  • Configuration Databases and the Commit Model
    • Configuration Databases
      • The shared candidate configuration database
      • Other configuration editing modes
        • Exclusive configuration mode
        • Private configuration mode
    • The Commit Process
      • Validating the configuration
      • Activating the configuration
      • Signaling daemons
      • Creating the merged configuration view
  • Information About the Book
• 2. RPC Mechanisms
  • Structured Data Model
    • Structured Data Formats
      • XML data
      • Accessing XML data with XPath
      • JSON data
    • Using Structured Data in Python
      • Installing jxmlease
      • Parsing XML with jxmlease
      • jxmlease objects
      • Iterating over jxmlease objects
      • Producing XML output
  • Running RPCs on a Junos Device
    • RPC Authorization
  • Operational RPCs
    • RPC Output Formats
    • Discovering Operational RPC Syntax
    • Discovering RPC Reply Syntax
  • Configuration with RPCs
    • Configuration Representation in XML
    • Discovering XML Configuration Syntax
    • Operational RPCs to View and Change the Configuration
    • Viewing the Configuration
    • Changing the Configuration
      • Choosing a database
      • Loading configuration changes
      • Reordering configuration elements
      • Deleting configuration elements
      • Choosing a commit style
      • Example configuration session
  • Chapter Summary
• 3. The RESTful API Service
  • Enabling the RESTful API Service
  • HTTP GET Requests
  • Authentication and Authorization
  • Formatting HTTP Responses
  • HTTP POST Requests
  • Adding Parameters to RPCs
  • Multiple RPCs in One Request
  • Configuration
  • RESTful API Explorer
  • Using the RESTful APIs in Python
    • The Preamble
    • Loop Through Each Device
    • Gather LLDP Neighbor Information
    • Gather and Parse Interface Descriptions
    • Check for XML Warnings and Errors
    • Compare Current and Previous LLDP Neighbor Information
    • Build a Candidate Configuration
    • Apply and Commit the Candidate Configuration
    • Parse Multi-RPC Responses
    • Putting It All Together
  • Additional RESTful API Service Configuration
  • Internal Design
  • Limitations
  • Chapter Summary
• 4. Junos PyEZ
  • Installation
  • Device Connectivity
    • Creating a Device Instance
    • Making the Connection
    • Authentication and Authorization
    • Connection Exceptions
    • Facts Gathering
    • Closing the Connection
  • RPC Execution
    • RPC on Demand
    • RPC Parameters
    • RPC Timeout
    • RPC Exceptions
  • RPC Responses
    • lxml Elements
    • Response Normalization
    • jxmlease
    • JSON
  • Operational Tables and Views
    • Prepackaged Operational Tables and Views
    • Creating New Operational Tables and Views
    • Using the New Operational Table and View
    • Applying a Different View
    • Saving and Loading XML Files from Tables
  • Configuration
    • Loading Configuration Changes
    • Configuration Templates
    • Viewing Configuration Differences
    • Committing Configuration Changes
    • Using the Rescue Configuration
  • Utilities
  • A PyEZ Example
    • The Preamble
    • Loop Through Each Device
    • Gather LLDP Neighbor Information
    • Gather and Parse Interface Descriptions
    • Compare Current and Previous LLDP Neighbor Information
    • Build, Apply, and Commit the Candidate Configuration
    • Putting It All Together
  • Limitations
  • NETCONF Libraries for Other Languages
  • Chapter Summary
• 5. Commit Scripts
  • Use Cases
    • Custom Configuration Checks
    • Automatically Fixing Mistakes
    • Dynamically Expanding Configuration
  • Basic Execution Flow
    • XML Transformations
    • Commit Script XML Input and Output Documents
      • Optimization for large configurations
      • Passing information to commit scripts
    • Performing Other Operations
  • Changing the Configuration
    • Handling Transient Changes
    • Handling Permanent Changes
  • Writing Commit Scripts in SLAX/XSLT
    • Overview of a SLAX Script
      • Basic SLAX template
    • Building an Output Document
      • XML output
      • Formatting text
        • Accessing variables and XML data
        • Text splicing
        • printf()-like formatting
        • Concatenation
      • Logical statements
    • Working with Variables and XML Data
      • XML data
      • SLAX variables
        • Mutable variables
    • Templates
      • Defining match templates
      • Defining and calling named templates
      • Template results
    • Flow Control
      • for-each loops over XML nodes
      • for loops over number ranges
      • if/else statements
    • Predefined Templates
      • jcs:emit-change()
      • jcs:edit-path()
  • Commit Script Examples
    • Example: Custom Configuration Checks
    • Example: Automatically Fixing Mistakes
    • Example: Dynamically Expanding Configuration
  • Chapter Summary
• 6. Op Scripts
  • Use Cases
    • Custom CLI Commands
    • Automatically Responding to Events
    • Customizing Your Device
  • Overview of Op Script Operation
    • Op Script Input Document
    • Op Script Arguments
    • Op Script Document Processing
    • Op Script Output Document
  • Operational and Configuration State
    • Interacting with Operational State
      • Making a connection to the device
      • Executing RPCs
      • Closing your session
    • Interacting with Configuration State
      • Accessing configuration data
      • Changing configuration data
  • Op Script Input and Output
    • Formatting Output
    • Displaying Immediate Output
    • Obtaining User Input
      • Obtaining normal user input
      • Obtaining secrets interactively
  • Some Useful Tools for Op and Event Scripts
    • Dampening Events
    • Parsing Strings
    • Generating SNMP Objects and Traps
  • Debugging Op and Event Scripts
    • Printing Progress Messages
    • Trace Messages
    • Syslog Messages
    • The SLAX Debugger
  • Configuring Op Scripts
  • Examples
    • Example: Custom CLI Command
      • Exercise
    • Example: Filtering CLI Output
  • Chapter Summary
• 7. Event Scripts and Event Policies
  • Overview of Event Script Operation
    • Event Script Input Document
    • Event Script Arguments
    • Event Script Document Processing
    • Event Script Output Document
  • Event Policies
    • Event Discovery
    • Defining Event Policy Match Criteria
      • Correlating events
      • Matching on event counts
      • Comparing attribute values
      • Creating events on a schedule
    • Defining Event Policy Actions
      • Modifying default behavior
        • Suppressing events
        • Changing event priorities
        • Raising an SNMP trap
      • Executing commands
        • Running operational-mode commands
        • Running configuration-mode commands
      • Uploading files
        • Defining a destination
        • Saving output from commands or scripts
        • Saving a copy of a file
      • Running an op or event script
    • Event Policy Loops
    • Embedding Event Policies in Event Scripts
      • Example of embedding an event policy in an event script
    • Testing Event Policies
  • Configuring Event Scripts
  • Example: Responding to a Flapping Link
    • The Event
    • The Event Policy
    • The Event Script
    • The Results
  • Chapter Summary
• 8. Initial Provisioning
  • ZTP
  • Netconify
  • Chapter Summary
• 9. Puppet
  • Puppet Architecture
  • Components for Junos Devices
  • Installation and Configuration
    • Puppet Master
    • Junos Device
    • Creating a Minimal Manifest
    • Executing the Puppet Agent for the First Time
  • The Puppet Language
    • Basic Resource Syntax
    • Variables
    • Strings
    • Classes
    • Conditional Statements
    • Node Definitions
    • Manifest Organization
  • Using Core Resource Types
    • Managing ~/.cshrc with the file Resource
    • Managing puppet.conf with an ERB Template
    • Managing the Puppet Agent with the cron Resource
  • Using the netdev Resource Types
    • The netdev_device Resource
    • The netdev_vlan Resource
    • The netdev_interface Resource
    • The netdev_l2_interface Resource
    • The netdev_lag Resource
    • The netdev_stdlib_junos::apply_group Resource
  • Chapter Summary
• 10. Ansible
  • Architecture and Communication
    • Typical Communication
    • Communicating with Junos Managed Nodes
  • Installation and Configuration
    • Installing Ansible
    • Installing the Juniper.junos Role
    • The Ansible Configuration File
    • Junos Authentication and Authorization
  • Creating Ansible Playbooks
    • Inventory
    • Playbooks and Plays
    • Tasks and Modules
    • Handlers
    • Execution
    • Variables
    • Roles
    • Conditionals
    • Loops
    • Vaults
  • Ansible for Junos Modules
    • junos_get_facts
    • junos_zeroize
    • junos_srx_cluster
    • junos_shutdown
    • junos_install_os
    • junos_get_config
    • junos_install_config
    • junos_rollback
    • junos_commit
  • Example Playbooks
    • Inventory, Variables, and Ansible Configuration Settings
    • Gathering Junos Facts and Dynamic Groups
    • Zeroize
    • Initial Configuration
    • Core OSPF Configuration
  • Chapter Summary
• 11. Putting Automation into Practice
  • Use Cases
    • Configuration Use Cases
      • Automate initial deployment
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Configure BGP overload on bootup
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Enforce configuration compliance
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Generate eBGP prefix filters
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Deploy configuration templates
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Trigger configuration change from host state
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
    • Operational Use Cases
      • Detect and fix configuration errors
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Detect toxic commits
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Execute a cron job
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Gather inventories on a recurring basis
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Migrate a port between devices
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
      • Deploy a root password vault
        • Scenario
        • Solutions
  • Best Practices
    • General Recommendations
      • What to automate
      • Determining requirements
      • Maintainability
      • Handling exceptional conditions
      • Avoiding script-induced failures
      • Scaling
      • Network standardization and automation
      • Security
      • Miscellaneous
    • Tool-Specific Recommendations
      • RESTful API
      • PyEZ
      • Op, commit, and event scripts
      • Initial provisioning
      • Puppet
      • Ansible
  • Wrap-Up
• Glossary
• Index

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