PHP Cookbook. Solutions & Examples for PHP Programmers. 3rd Edition (ebook)(audiobook)(audiobook)

Spis treści

• PHP Cookbook
• Preface
  • Who This Book Is For
  • What Is in This Book
  • Other Resources
  • Conventions Used in This Book
  • Comments and Questions
  • Acknowledgments
• 1. Strings
  • Introduction
  • Accessing Substrings
  • Extracting Substrings
  • Replacing Substrings
  • Processing a String One Byte at a Time
  • Reversing a String by Word or Byte
  • Generating a Random String
  • Expanding and Compressing Tabs
  • Controlling Case
  • Interpolating Functions and Expressions Within Strings
  • Trimming Blanks from a String
  • Generating Comma-Separated Data
  • Parsing Comma-Separated Data
  • Generating Fixed-Width Field Data Records
  • Parsing Fixed-Width Field Data Records
  • Taking Strings Apart
  • Wrapping Text at a Certain Line Length
  • Storing Binary Data in Strings
  • Program: Downloadable CSV File
• 2. Numbers
  • Introduction
  • Checking Whether a Variable Contains a Valid Number
  • Comparing Floating-Point Numbers
  • Rounding Floating-Point Numbers
  • Operating on a Series of Integers
  • Generating Random Numbers Within a Range
  • Generating Predictable Random Numbers
  • Generating Biased Random Numbers
  • Taking Logarithms
  • Calculating Exponents
  • Formatting Numbers
  • Formatting Monetary Values
  • Printing Correct Plurals
  • Calculating Trigonometric Functions
  • Doing Trigonometry in Degrees, Not Radians
  • Handling Very Large or Very Small Numbers
  • Converting Between Bases
  • Calculating Using Numbers in Bases Other Than Decimal
  • Finding the Distance Between Two Places
• 3. Dates and Times
  • Introduction
  • Finding the Current Date and Time
  • Converting Time and Date Parts to an Epoch Timestamp
  • Converting an Epoch Timestamp to Time and Date Parts
  • Printing a Date or Time in a Specified Format
  • Finding the Difference of Two Dates
  • Finding the Day in a Week, Month, or Year
  • Validating a Date
  • Parsing Dates and Times from Strings
  • Adding to or Subtracting from a Date
  • Calculating Time with Time Zones and Daylight Saving Time
  • Generating a High-Precision Time
  • Generating Time Ranges
  • Using Non-Gregorian Calendars
  • Program: Calendar
• 4. Arrays
  • Introduction
  • Specifying an Array Not Beginning at Element 0
  • Storing Multiple Elements per Key in an Array
  • Initializing an Array to a Range of Integers
  • Iterating Through an Array
  • Deleting Elements from an Array
  • Changing Array Size
  • Appending One Array to Another
  • Turning an Array into a String
  • Printing an Array with Commas
  • Checking if a Key Is in an Array
  • Checking if an Element Is in an Array
  • Finding the Position of a Value in an Array
  • Finding Elements That Pass a Certain Test
  • Finding the Largest or Smallest Valued Element in an Array
  • Reversing an Array
  • Sorting an Array
  • Sorting an Array by a Computable Field
  • Sorting Multiple Arrays
  • Sorting an Array Using a Method Instead of a Function
  • Randomizing an Array
  • Removing Duplicate Elements from an Array
  • Applying a Function to Each Element in an Array
  • Finding the Union, Intersection, or Difference of Two Arrays
  • Iterating Efficiently over Large or Expensive Datasets
  • Accessing an Object Using Array Syntax
• 5. Variables
  • Introduction
  • Avoiding == Versus = Confusion
  • Establishing a Default Value
  • Exchanging Values Without Using Temporary Variables
  • Creating a Dynamic Variable Name
  • Persisting a Local Variables Value Across Function Invocations
  • Sharing Variables Between Processes
  • Encapsulating Complex Data Types in a String
  • Dumping Variable Contents as Strings
• 6. Functions
  • Introduction
  • Accessing Function Parameters
  • Setting Default Values for Function Parameters
  • Passing Values by Reference
  • Using Named Parameters
  • Enforcing Types of Function Arguments
  • Creating Functions That Take a Variable Number of Arguments
  • Returning Values by Reference
  • Returning More Than One Value
  • Skipping Selected Return Values
  • Returning Failure
  • Calling Variable Functions
  • Accessing a Global Variable Inside a Function
  • Creating Dynamic Functions
• 7. Classes and Objects
  • Introduction
  • Instantiating Objects
  • Defining Object Constructors
  • Defining Object Destructors
  • Implementing Access Control
  • Preventing Changes to Classes and Methods
  • Defining Object Stringification
  • Requiring Multiple Classes to Behave Similarly
  • Creating Abstract Base Classes
  • Assigning Object References
  • Cloning Objects
  • Overriding Property Accesses
  • Calling Methods on an Object Returned by Another Method
  • Aggregating Objects
  • Accessing Overridden Methods
  • Creating Methods Dynamically
  • Using Method Polymorphism
  • Defining Class Constants
  • Defining Static Properties and Methods
  • Controlling Object Serialization
  • Introspecting Objects
  • Checking If an Object Is an Instance of a Specific Class
  • Autoloading Class Files upon Object Instantiation
  • Instantiating an Object Dynamically
  • Program: whereis
• 8. Web Fundamentals
  • Introduction
  • Setting Cookies
  • Reading Cookie Values
  • Deleting Cookies
  • Building a Query String
  • Reading the POST Request Body
  • Using HTTP Basic or Digest Authentication
  • Using Cookie Authentication
  • Reading an HTTP Header
  • Writing an HTTP Header
  • Sending a Specific HTTP Status Code
  • Redirecting to a Different Location
  • Flushing Output to the Browser
  • Buffering Output to the Browser
  • Compressing Web Output
  • Reading Environment Variables
  • Setting Environment Variables
  • Communicating Within Apache
  • Redirecting Mobile Browsers to a Mobile Optimized Site
  • Program: Website Account (De)activator
  • Program: Tiny Wiki
  • Program: HTTP Range
• 9. Forms
  • Introduction
  • Processing Form Input
  • Validating Form Input: Required Fields
  • Validating Form Input: Numbers
  • Validating Form Input: Email Addresses
  • Validating Form Input: Drop-Down Menus
  • Validating Form Input: Radio Buttons
  • Validating Form Input: Checkboxes
  • Validating Form Input: Dates and Times
  • Validating Form Input: Credit Cards
  • Preventing Cross-Site Scripting
  • Processing Uploaded Files
  • Working with Multipage Forms
  • Redisplaying Forms with Inline Error Messages
  • Guarding Against Multiple Submissions of the Same Form
  • Preventing Global Variable Injection
  • Handling Remote Variables with Periods in Their Names
  • Using Form Elements with Multiple Options
  • Creating Drop-Down Menus Based on the Current Date
• 10. Database Access
  • Introduction
  • Using DBM Databases
  • Using an SQLite Database
  • Connecting to an SQL Database
  • Querying an SQL Database
  • Retrieving Rows Without a Loop
  • Modifying Data in an SQL Database
  • Repeating Queries Efficiently
  • Finding the Number of Rows Returned by a Query
  • Escaping Quotes
  • Logging Debugging Information and Errors
  • Creating Unique Identifiers
  • Building Queries Programmatically
  • Making Paginated Links for a Series of Records
  • Caching Queries and Results
  • Accessing a Database Connection Anywhere in Your Program
  • Program: Storing a Threaded Message Board
  • Using Redis
• 11. Sessions and Data Persistence
  • Introduction
  • Using Session Tracking
  • Preventing Session Hijacking
  • Preventing Session Fixation
  • Storing Sessons in Memcached
  • Storing Sessions in a Database
  • Storing Arbitrary Data in Shared Memory
  • Caching Calculated Results in Summary Tables
• 12. XML
  • Introduction
  • Generating XML as a String
  • Generating XML with DOM
  • Parsing Basic XML Documents
  • Parsing Complex XML Documents
  • Parsing Large XML Documents
  • Extracting Information Using XPath
  • Transforming XML with XSLT
  • Setting XSLT Parameters from PHP
  • Calling PHP Functions from XSLT Stylesheets
  • Validating XML Documents
  • Handling Content Encoding
  • Reading RSS and Atom Feeds
  • Writing RSS Feeds
  • Writing Atom Feeds
• 13. Web Automation
  • Introduction
  • Marking Up a Web Page
  • Cleaning Up Broken or Nonstandard HTML
  • Extracting Links from an HTML File
  • Converting Plain Text to HTML
  • Converting HTML to Plain Text
  • Removing HTML and PHP Tags
  • Responding to an Ajax Request
  • Integrating with JavaScript
  • Program: Finding Stale Links
  • Program: Finding Fresh Links
• 14. Consuming RESTful APIs
  • Introduction
  • Fetching a URL with the GET Method
  • Fetching a URL with the POST Method and Form Data
  • Fetching a URL with an Arbitrary Method and POST Body
  • Fetching a URL with Cookies
  • Fetching a URL with Arbitrary Headers
  • Fetching a URL with a Timeout
  • Fetching an HTTPS URL
  • Debugging the Raw HTTP Exchange
  • Making an OAuth 1.0 Request
  • Making an OAuth 2.0 Request
• 15. Serving RESTful APIs
  • Introduction
  • Exposing and Routing to a Resource
  • Exposing Clean Resource Paths
  • Exposing a Resource for Reading
  • Creating a Resource
  • Editing a Resource
  • Deleting a Resource
  • Indicating Errors and Failures
  • Supporting Multiple Formats
• 16. Internet Services
  • Introduction
  • Sending Mail
  • Sending MIME Mail
  • Reading Mail with IMAP or POP3
  • Getting and Putting Files with FTP
  • Looking Up Addresses with LDAP
  • Using LDAP for User Authentication
  • Performing DNS Lookups
  • Checking If a Host Is Alive
  • Getting Information About a Domain Name
• 17. Graphics
  • Introduction
  • Drawing Lines, Rectangles, and Polygons
  • Drawing Arcs, Ellipses, and Circles
  • Drawing with Patterned Lines
  • Drawing Text
  • Drawing Centered Text
  • Building Dynamic Images
  • Getting and Setting a Transparent Color
  • Overlaying Watermarks
  • Creating Thumbnail Images
  • Reading EXIF Data
  • Serving Images Securely
  • Program: Generating Bar Charts from Poll Results
• 18. Security and Encryption
  • Introduction
  • Preventing Session Fixation
  • Protecting Against Form Spoofing
  • Ensuring Input Is Filtered
  • Avoiding Cross-Site Scripting
  • Eliminating SQL Injection
  • Keeping Passwords Out of Your Site Files
  • Storing Passwords
  • Dealing with Lost Passwords
  • Verifying Data with Hashes
  • Encrypting and Decrypting Data
  • Storing Encrypted Data in a File or Database
  • Sharing Encrypted Data with Another Website
  • Detecting SSL
  • Encrypting Email with GPG
• 19. Internationalization and Localization
  • Introduction
  • Determining the Users Locale
  • Localizing Text Messages
  • Localizing Dates and Times
  • Localizing Numbers
  • Localizing Currency Values
  • Localizing Images
  • Localizing Included Files
  • Sorting in a Locale-Aware Order
  • Managing Localization Resources
  • Setting the Character Encoding of Outgoing Data
  • Setting the Character Encoding of Incoming Data
  • Manipulating UTF-8 Text
• 20. Error Handling
  • Introduction
  • Finding and Fixing Parse Errors
  • Creating Your Own Exception Classes
  • Printing a Stack Trace
  • Reading Configuration Variables
  • Setting Configuration Variables
  • Hiding Error Messages from Users
  • Tuning Error Handling
  • Using a Custom Error Handler
  • Logging Errors
  • Eliminating headers already sent Errors
  • Logging Debugging Information
• 21. Software Engineering
  • Introduction
  • Using a Debugger Extension
  • Writing a Unit Test
  • Writing a Unit Test Suite
  • Applying a Unit Test to a Web Page
  • Setting Up a Test Environment
  • Using the Built-in Web Server
• 22. Performance Tuning
  • Introduction
  • Using an Accelerator
  • Timing Function Execution
  • Timing Program Execution by Function
  • Timing Program Execution by Statement
  • Timing Program Execution by Section
  • Profiling with a Debugger Extension
  • Stress-Testing Your Website
  • Avoiding Regular Expressions
• 23. Regular Expressions
  • Introduction
  • Switching from ereg to preg
  • Matching Words
  • Finding the nth Occurrence of a Match
  • Choosing Greedy or Nongreedy Matches
  • Finding All Lines in a File That Match a Pattern
  • Capturing Text Inside HTML Tags
  • Preventing Parentheses from Capturing Text
  • Escaping Special Characters in a Regular Expression
  • Reading Records with a Pattern Separator
  • Using a PHP Function in a Regular Expression
• 24. Files
  • Introduction
  • Creating or Opening a Local File
  • Creating a Temporary File
  • Opening a Remote File
  • Reading from Standard Input
  • Reading a File into a String
  • Counting Lines, Paragraphs, or Records in a File
  • Processing Every Word in a File
  • Picking a Random Line from a File
  • Randomizing All Lines in a File
  • Processing Variable-Length Text Fields
  • Reading Configuration Files
  • Modifying a File in Place Without a Temporary File
  • Flushing Output to a File
  • Writing to Standard Output
  • Writing to Many Filehandles Simultaneously
  • Escaping Shell Metacharacters
  • Passing Input to a Program
  • Reading Standard Output from a Program
  • Reading Standard Error from a Program
  • Locking a File
  • Reading and Writing Custom File Types
  • Reading and Writing Compressed Files
• 25. Directories
  • Introduction
  • Getting and Setting File Timestamps
  • Getting File Information
  • Changing File Permissions or Ownership
  • Splitting a Filename into Its Component Parts
  • Deleting a File
  • Copying or Moving a File
  • Processing All Files in a Directory
  • Getting a List of Filenames Matching a Pattern
  • Processing All Files in a Directory Recursively
  • Making New Directories
  • Removing a Directory and Its Contents
  • Program: Web Server Directory Listing
  • Program: Site Search
• 26. Command-Line PHP
  • Introduction
  • Parsing Program Arguments
  • Parsing Program Arguments with getopt
  • Reading from the Keyboard
  • Running PHP Code on Every Line of an Input File
  • Reading Passwords
  • Colorizing Console Output
  • Program: DOM Explorer
• 27. Packages
  • Introduction
  • Defining and Installing Composer Dependencies
  • Finding Composer Packages
  • Installing Composer Packages
  • Using the PEAR Installer
  • Finding PEAR Packages
  • Finding Information About a Package
  • Installing PEAR Packages
  • Upgrading PEAR Packages
  • Uninstalling PEAR Packages
  • Installing PECL Packages
• Index
• Colophon
• Copyright

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